How to Survive an Earthquake in Japan (Even If It’s Your First One)
As it’s widely known that Japan is an earthquake-prone country.
I’ve lived through quakes of all sizes — and let me tell you, there’s no such thing as “getting used to it”. But hey, as long as you are in Japan, you can’t always hug your futon like a life raft. You need to know how to protect yourself.
A little preparation and survival knowledge can go a long way!
Why Does Japan Shake So Much?
Japan isn’t called an “earthquake-prone country” for nothing — it sits right on a geological VIP section where four massive tectonic plates are constantly elbowing each other for space:
the Pacific Plate, the Philippine Sea Plate, the Eurasian Plate, and the North American Plate.
Imagine a crowded dinner table where no one agrees on boundaries — that’s Japan’s underground scene.
These plates are constantly shifting, colliding, and sometimes one dives under another (called subduction, if you want to sound fancy).
All this underground drama leads to frequent earthquakes.
In fact, about 20% of all magnitude 6 or higher earthquakes in the world happen in or around Japan. That’s right — just this tiny island nation holds a front-row seat to some of the planet’s biggest tectonic tantrums.
What Should I Do During an Earthquake?
When the earth moves, first thing first, remember this key word.
“ Drop, Cover, Hold On”
Crouch low, cover your head and neck with whatever you’ve got — a bag or a cushion— and hold that position until the shaking stops.
If you have a table nearby, you can stay under it till it shakes over.
Avoid windows and anything that can fall.
Do not run outside during the shaking – most injuries occur that way.
I know it’s hard to stay calm — your heart might be doing jumping jacks — but try your best! Don’t scream or run around like a cartoon character. Things might get a little chaotic, but keeping cool is the best thing you can do.
After the Quake–Watch Your Steps
When you experience an earthquake–whether it’s your first time or not–it’s totally normal to freeze up. Your heart races, your legs feel like jelly, and for a moment, your brain just goes “???” That’s okay. Not many people can act like a cool-headed superhero during a quake. But once the shaking stops, here are some simple, practical steps to help keep yourself and those around you safe.
Expect Aftershocks
Don’t let your guard down just yet! Most earthquakes are followed by smaller tremors called aftershocks, which can come minutes, hours, or even days later. Stay calm, but stay ready—especially if you’re in a high-rise or older building. It’s a good idea to stay near a safe spot like a doorway or under a table for a while after the main shake.
Check For Gas Leaks
If you’re staying in a Japanese apartment, check around for the smell of gas. Many gas systems have an automatic shutoff during a quake, but just in case—don’t use open flames and avoid turning on electrical appliances until you’re sure everything’s safe. If in doubt, turn the valve off and call your gas company.
Open Doors to Avoid Getting Trapped
Sometimes aftershocks can warp door frames or shift furniture. If you’re indoors, open a door right after the quake so you’re not stuck if the building shifts again. Think of it as making your exit path ahead of time.
Help Others If It’s Safe to Do So
If you’re okay and the situation around you is stable, check in on others. A quick “Daijoubu desu ka?” (Are you okay?) can go a long way. Especially in Japan, where community spirit is strong, even small acts of kindness matter.
Don’t Use Elevators
It might be tempting to ride down from the 17th floor, but elevators are a big no-no after a quake. There could be hidden damage or sudden power cuts. Always take the stairs unless authorities have confirmed it’s safe.
Follow Local Announcements
Turn on the TV, radio, or emergency app (like NHK News or Yurekuru). Japan’s information systems are top-notch, and you’ll get updates on tsunami risks, evacuation shelters, and transport disruptions. Even if your Japanese isn’t perfect, many alerts use simple words or come with visuals. This is when having that app really pays off.
Preparations speak loud! Be Earthquake-Ready
In Japan, earthquakes aren’t a maybe — they’re a when. But don’t worry — you don’t need to turn into a doomsday prepper. With a few simple steps, you can be more than ready when the ground starts doing its wobbly dance. Think of it like brushing your teeth: a small habit that makes a big difference.
Download an Earthquake App
Japan has one of the best early-warning systems in the world — and yes, it fits in your pocket! Apps like Yurekuru can alert you a few seconds before the shaking starts, while NHK News notifies you of quakes that happened in the past 30 days. Those precious few seconds might be just enough to duck, cover, and mentally say, “Here we go again.”
Build A “Bousai Bag” (Emergency Kit)
Even locals keep an emergency bag by the door. You don’t need to go full camping mode, but here’s what you should pack:
- Bottled water and snacks (non-perishable, but tasty helps)
- Flashlight and spare batteries
- Power bank for your phone
- Basic first aid kit and any personal medication
- Towel, socks, gloves
- A copy of your passport and ID
- Cash (ATMs may not work!)
And honestly… maybe a piece of chocolate. Comfort counts.
Know Your Evacuation Spot
Every Japanese neighborhood has designated evacuation areas — usually a nearby park, school, or open field. Look for the green emergency signs (they often have a running person and a house icon) or ask your local city hall. Knowing where to go saves you from wandering aimlessly with your bousai bag like a confused tourist in an apocalypse movie.
Earthquake Etiquette in Japan
One of the most surreal things about experiencing a quake in Japan isn’t the shaking — it’s how calm everyone stays. While you’re crouching under a table wondering if it’s the end of days, your Japanese coworkers might still be typing, sipping tea, or calmly checking their phones. And that’s totally normal here. In fact, it’s not rude to quietly duck under your desk while your boss continues reviewing spreadsheets like nothing happened.
There’s a strong sense of social responsibility, even in chaotic moments. People avoid shouting or panicking in public. Instead of mass hysteria, you’ll often see neatly organized lines at convenience stores, even after a major quake. It’s a quiet kind of resilience — and something you’ll quickly come to respect.
One important point: don’t spread rumors or unverified info on social media. It’s tempting to post “OMG the building is falling!!” but unless it’s helpful and accurate, it can cause unnecessary fear. Trust official announcements, and do what the locals do: breathe, stay calm, and maybe keep typing.
Caught While Sightseeing? Here’s What to Know
Visiting Japan during an earthquake might sound like a plot twist you didn’t sign up for — but don’t worry, the country is well-prepared, and so can you be with a few simple tips:
- On a train: Stay seated and hold on. Trains in Japan are designed to stop automatically when an earthquake is detected. Announcements will follow — just stay calm and wait for instructions.
- In a tall building: Yes, it’s swaying. No, it’s not collapsing. High-rise buildings in Japan are built to flex during quakes. It feels weird, like being on a slow-moving boat, but it’s completely normal — and actually safer.
- In convenience stores or shops: Avoid the aisles where things can fall. Crouch down near a sturdy structure, like a checkout counter or inner wall, and protect your head with your arms or bag.
- When you’re out and about: Always keep your passport on you. In case you need to verify your identity, it can be a lifesaver.
Remember: Japan has your back. Follow the locals’ lead, stay calm, and you’ll come out of it with a story to tell — and maybe a newfound respect for Japanese engineering.
Final Words
Stay Calm, Stay Clever
If you’re feeling nervous about earthquakes in Japan, you’re not alone — and more importantly, you’re not unprepared. Japan has some of the world’s most advanced infrastructure, real-time alert systems, and earthquake-resistant buildings designed to sway, not shatter. From emergency drills to community response networks, this country has turned quake-readiness into an art form.
So take a deep breath. Learn the basics. Keep your emergency kit close and your slippers closer. And if the ground starts to wobble? Don’t panic — just remember: you’ve got this.
